During a chiropractic adjustment, it is not uncommon to hear a « cracking » sound that intrigues many people. This sound, often perceived as a mystery, generates both curiosity and apprehension.
Chiropractic adjustment is the primary treatment method used by chiropractors to restore balance to the neuro-musculoskeletal system. It involves a precise, quick, and low-amplitude maneuver aimed at repositioning a vertebra that might be out of its normal alignment. This technique is generally painless and considered safe when performed by qualified chiropractic doctors. Vertebral misalignments, known as spinal subluxations, can cause various issues, including loss of movement, pain, and dysfunctions in the nervous system.
In this article, we will explore in detail the « cracking » phenomenon often heard during an adjustment, its origin, its indication of effectiveness, as well as alternative techniques chiropractors may use without producing a « crack. »
The Mystery of the « Crack »
One of the most common questions from our patients is, « What is cracking? Are my bones going to break? » In reality, when we apply force to perform an adjustment, it is not the friction of the bones that « cracks, » but a natural process called cavitation. This sound comes from the release of gas dissolved in the synovial fluid of the joints when there is a rapid decrease in pressure. These gas bubbles produce the famous « crack » often compared to the sound of a champagne bottle. This phenomenon is normal and poses no risk to your bones or vertebrae.
What is joint cavitation?
The cracking sound heard during a chiropractic adjustment is generally caused by joint cavitation. To better understand this phenomenon, imagine opening a bottle of champagne. When the cork is removed, the gas that was under pressure escapes rapidly, producing a distinctive sound. This is similar to what happens during an adjustment.
In a joint, the synovial fluid, which lubricates and nourishes the joint, contains dissolved gases such as nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide. When the chiropractor adjusts a joint, a rapid release of pressure occurs, allowing the gas to escape and form bubbles. The sound you hear is actually the bursting of these bubbles.
Is the crack an indicator of effectiveness?
The myth that the crack must be present to assess the effectiveness of an adjustment is widespread. It is important to note that many people do not produce a « crack » during their adjustment.
However, it is essential to understand that the cracking sound is not an indicator of success, but rather a physiological phenomenon. Chiropractic adjustments aim to improve joint function, relieve pain, and restore balance to the body. Many patients report significant improvements in their mobility and comfort, even if they do not hear a « crack » during their adjustment.
Cracking Yourself: A Good or Bad Idea?
Cracking your back or neck by yourself is not the best idea. Trying to adjust yourself lacks precision and can lead to excessive movement in joints that are already easily mobile. In contrast, a qualified chiropractor carefully identifies blocked vertebrae (subluxations) and adjusts them specifically in the correct direction, whether by rotation, flexion, or extension.
By repeatedly performing this self-adjustment maneuver, you risk continually stretching the same joint capsules without addressing the true subluxations, which cause irritation and dysfunction in the nervous and muscular systems. Additionally, this self-correction can increase the risk of joint instability, leading to chronic pain and other complications. To ensure an effective and safe adjustment, it is always best to consult a professional chiropractor who can address your specific needs.
Other Chiropractic Techniques Without Cracking
Several chiropractic treatment methods do not cause cracking, making them ideal for patients who prefer a gentler approach:
- Drop Technique: Used directly with the adjustment table, this method involves slightly lowering a section of the table at the moment of the adjustment. This allows for easy and precise manipulation of the joints without producing a crack.
- Activator: This specific instrument applies a quick and controlled movement to the joints, allowing for a correction without the impact associated with traditional adjustments. This technique is particularly suited for people who fear the crack.
- Spine-MED Neuro-Vertebral Decompression Tables: These tables are designed to gently stretch the lumbar or cervical spine. They are especially beneficial for cases of osteoarthritis, disc herniations, or pinched nerves, providing gradual relief without generating any cracking.
In conclusion, the « crack » you hear during a chiropractic adjustment is a normal phenomenon related to joint cavitation. Each adjustment is designed to benefit you, whether or not you hear this sound.
It is important to interact with your chiropractor and ask questions about the process. If you have any concerns or hesitations regarding chiropractic adjustments, feel free to discuss them with us.
Dr. Émilie Gaudreau, chiropractor
Dr. Patrick Gaudreau, chiropractor
References:
BAKKER, M. et J. MILLER, « Does an audible release improve the outcome of a chiropractic adjustment? », The Journal of the Canadian Chiropractic Association, 2004, vol. 48, no 3, p. 237-239.
KAWCHUK, G. N. et coll. « Real-Time Visualization of Joint Cavitation », PLOS ONE, 2015. //doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0119470
Monchiro. Qu’est-ce qui craque chez le chiro? Monchiro. https://www.monchiro.ca/blogue/qu-est-ce-qui-craque-chez-le-chiro/